Ecologically clean engine of Blaguty
(patents of Ukraine on inventions № 86216, 86247)
The work of DVS, by which it is possible to get mechanical, electric or thermal energy, for example, of diesel engine, carried out by the compression of air to the temperature of 850-920K (580-650 C) or on the average near 600C and injection of fuel in the chamber of compression. In the process of compression there is heating of the system (cylinder, piston, chamber of compression and air). Internal energy of air in the process of compression rises and at the temperature of 600С is 3166 kkal/kmol'. After the injection of fuel there is a transmission of heat from the system to the fuel, that results in the phase transition of fuel from liquid in the gas state. Under the action of temperature the processes of dissociation of molecules of fuel, oxygen and nitrogen are carried out in the chamber of compression. Energy of dissociation of molecules of oxygen at normal terms makes 491,1 kDzh/mol', nitrogen of 712,6 kDzh/mol', hydrocarbon fuel of 432+10 kDzh/mol' and aquatic steam of 432,5 kDzh/mol'. The process of spontaneous combustion of hydrogen in oxygen and in mid air, at normal terms, takes place at the temperature of 450C and 500C. At those terms temperature of spontaneous combustion of oxides of carbon in oxygen and in mid air takes place at the temperature of 510C and 610C. Under the action of temperature higher a 580C fuel and oxygen enter into the reaction of recombination with production of additional thermal energy. As a result of this production of additional heat expansion of gases and implementation of useful work is carried out. In the process of combustion of fuel a temperature in the chamber of compression makes approximately 2000C and pressure near 10MPa. At such temperature the internal energy of products of combustion makes 13900 kkal/kmol' . At the end of process of expansion the temperature of exhaust gases in diesel engines is equal 1000-1200K (700-900C). At such temperatures internal energy of products of combustion is equal 4193-5562 kkal/kmol'.
Analysis of DVS work shows that for decomposition of molecules of fuel and air on constituents and realizations of process of spontaneous combustion of fuel and oxygen less external energy is used, what appears or produced energy in the process of combustion of fuel and oxygen. An analysis shows also, that in an environment during DVS work more thermal energy is thrown out in 1,3 - 1,7 times, than it is necessary to spend for realizations of processes of spontaneous combustion and burning of fuel and implementation of useful work. In addition, obvious is that for decomposition of molecules of aquatic steam on hydrogen and oxygen it is necessary to use less external energy, than energy spent on decomposition of only one oxygen into constituents, without the account of energy which is spent on decomposition of molecules of nitrogen and molecules of fuel.
The minuses of energy production by DVS, which work on a traditional fuel and air, there are extrass of harmful matters, hotbed gases and remaining thermal or internal energy of products of combustion in an environment, high cost of fuel. A low output-input ratio is conditioned that considerable part of thermal energy is thrown out in an environment.
The offered method of Blaguta engine is based on the laws of thermodynamics, theory of burning and term-mass exchange. This method eliminates the extrass of exhaust gases in an environment. The value of production of energy practically goes down to the usage expenses. It is reached by the fact, that products of combustion or exhaust gases, mainly aquatic steam are used for the engine as a refurbishable, second fuel and oxidant or «Blaguta’s Warmth Agents». (patents of Ukraine on an useful model #28963, 33931).
In the offered method the aquatic steam or product of combustion of hydrogen and oxygen at the end of process of expansion or at the beginning of process of compression is divided to pieces. One part of aquatic steam with remaining thermal energy and temperature near 700C repeatedly compresses in the cylinder of engine, and other part of aquatic steam is produced from the cylinder of engine, cools down and as hot water injected under constraint 40-50MPa in the chamber of compression at approach of piston to v.m.t..
Compression of working body at the beginning of starting and in the process of work the Blaguta’s engine carries out the same way, as at all reciprocators.
The Blaguta’s engine is a hybrid or combined engine. It is a combustion engine simultaneously, in which processes of dissociation and re-combination of molecules of working body (aquatic steam, carbon dioxide or their mixture) are with absorption of thermal energy and selection additional chemical or thermal energy, and engine which works due to expansion of aquatic steam or steam engine.
Impulse of force in the engine of Blaguta at location of piston in v.m.t. arises up due to the phase transition of hot water from liquid into the gas state. The transition of water from liquid in the gas state increases the number of molecules (mol’) of aquatic steam, lowers the temperature of more heated aquatic steam and promotes pressure due to an increased number of molecules (mol’) of aquatic steam.
A preliminary analysis shows that at the decline of temperature in the chamber of compression from 20000C to 6000C internal energy of aquatic steam will go down from 19200kkal/kmol' to 3995 kkal/kmol'. If considered that the phase transition of hot water, with a temperature about 1000C, is carried out due to cooling of cylinder, piston and chamber of compression, then the amount of molecules (mol’, moths of clothes) of aquatic steam in the chamber of compression is increased 4,8 times.
The increased amount of molecules (moths of clothes) of aquatic steam creates properly pressure on a piston and increases power of the engine. The more amount of aquatic steam appears in the chamber of compression in phase transition of hot water from liquid in a gaseity, the more there will be engine power. In addition the processes of dissociation and re-combination of molecules of hydrogen and oxygen, which always happens between them at a temperature higher 4500C, also influence the engine power.
The method of thruster-on Blaguty (patents of Ukraine on inventions # 86216, 86247) patented in Ukraine only due to transition of four-stroke engines on two-stroke mode promotes engine power in two times. Filling of cylinders of engine 100% by a refurbishable, second fuel and oxidant or «Teploagenty Blaguty» and serve in the chamber of compression of engine of hot water in a volume which depends on the temperature of working body at the end of process of compression, allows to forecast increasing power of existent constructions of engines, in transition on the alternative kind of fuel, no less than five times. A final result on how many times it is possible to increase the engine power will be available only on the basis of test of pre-production models and study of processes that are going on in the cylinder of engine during its work.
Transfer to the alternative sources of energy is possible to carry out with «Teploagenty Blaguty» on the basis of existing, for example, diesel engines by the improvement of separate knots and development of high pressure pumps for sending water into the chamber of compression.
Possibility of explosion or fire is eliminated in the engine of Blaguty, which allows to sharply decrease the number of victims in car accidents. For development of engines of Blaguty it is necessary to attract highly skilled scientists and specialists, produce theoretical calculations, develop, make and test pre-production models, develop recommendation on the improvement of knots and aggregates on, that it is necessary to invest about 10 mln.grn. It will also provide possibility to cardinally rebuild the industry, to reduce the value of production of commodities and services, close harmful productions and get facilities by Kiot protocol for the sale of quotas on the extrass of harmful matters in atmospheric air.
Inventor Anatoliy Alexandrovich Blaguta
27.04.2009
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